Ограничить права на соединение на SQL Server

У меня есть приложение для развертывания в производстве, которое использует безопасность системы чести. То есть все пользователи подключаются к БД с использованием учетных данных SQL user / passwd, а приложение самостоятельно управляет разрешениями. Последняя часть не беспокоит меня так сильно, как тот факт, что объект подключения содержит встроенные учетные данные и может свободно копироваться. Я пытаюсь найти способ ограничить количество подключений для более ограниченного набора клиентов. Конечно, я могу создавать правила брандмауэра для ограничения по IP. Есть ли какой-либо способ «преквалифицировать» логины SQL по учетной записи компьютера или членству в домене?

Вы можете достичь этого с помощью триггера входа в систему . В вашем триггере входа в систему вы можете иметь логику для выполнения необходимых проверок (например, имя машины). К сожалению, я не верю, что есть способ получить членство в домене пользователя, если вы используете проверку подлинности SQL Server.

Вы можете посмотреть на использование функции EVENTDATA, чтобы увидеть, можете ли вы извлечь другую информацию, чтобы определить, следует ли разрешить соединение. Если вы не хотите, чтобы этот конкретный вход был успешным, вы можете просто выполнить условное тестирование и выполнить команду a ROLLBACK.

Как отметил Томас, это можно сделать с помощью LOGON Trigger. Ниже приведен скрипт, который поможет вам

/*

http://www.sqlservercentral.com/scripts/Security/69558/
Credit: Gregory A. Ferdinandsen
--greg@ferdinandsen.com
--Revision 1.0, 8 Feb 10
--Requires SQL 2005 SP2 or higher
*/
if not exists (select 1 from master..sysdatabases where name = 'SQL_Audit')
 begin
 create database SQL_Audit
  end
USE [SQL_Audit]
GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[BlackList](
[SRV_Rule] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[HostName] [varchar](64) NULL,
[IP_Address] [varchar](15) NULL,
[LoginName] [varchar](128) NULL,
[AppName] [varchar](256) NULL,
[RestrictionEnabled] [bit] NULL,
[Description] [varchar](2048) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_BlackList] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
[SRV_Rule] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, FILLFACTOR = 90) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlackList] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_BlackList_RestrictionEnabled] DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [RestrictionEnabled]
GO

---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
USE [SQL_Audit]
GO


SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Violations](
[ViolationNum] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[PostDate] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[LoginName] [varchar](128) NULL,
[IPAddress] [varchar](15) NULL,
[HostName] [nvarchar](64) NULL,
[ServerName] [varchar](96) NULL,
[AppName] [nvarchar](256) NULL,
[ViolationType] [varchar](512) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Violations] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
[ViolationNum] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Violations] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_Violations_PostDate] DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [PostDate]
GO
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
--(c) Gregory A. Ferdinandsen
--greg@ferdinandsen.com
--Revision 1.0, 8 Feb 10
--Requires SQL 2005 SP2 or higher

--
--Change with <<Execute as 'Domain\SQL'>> for a valid service account that has sa rights
--
--Information on Logon Triggers: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb326598.aspx
--
USE Master
go

CREATE Trigger [trg_LoginBlackList]
 on all Server 

 as
begin

 declare @data XML
declare @User as varchar(128)
declare @HostName as varchar(64)
declare @IPAddress as varchar(15)
declare @AppName as nvarchar(256)
declare @SPID as int
declare @SrvName as nvarchar(96)
declare @PostTime as datetime
declare @LogMsg as varchar(1024)

set @data = EVENTDATA()
set @User = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/LoginName)[1]', 'nvarchar(128)')
set @IPAddress = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ClientHost)[1]', 'nvarchar(15)')
set @SPID = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/SPID)[1]', 'int')
set @SrvName = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ServerName)[1]', 'nvarchar(96)')
set @PostTime = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/PostTime)[1]', 'datetime')
set @HostName = Cast(Host_Name() as nvarchar(64))
set @AppName = Cast(App_Name() as nvarchar(256))

--Check to see if the blacklist table exists, if the table does not exist, exit the Trigger, as otherwise all user would be locked out.

if Not Exists (select * from SQL_Audit.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES where TABLE_NAME = 'BlackList')
begin
return;
end


--#1
--If a user connects from a given work station and with a given UserName, they will be dissconected
--This user need to be set up in SQL_Audit..Blacklist with a user name and a host name, no IP Address is necesary
--This is the prefered method of blacklisting, as DHCP could reak havoc on any IP restrictions
If(Exists(Select * from SQL_Audit.dbo.BlackList where LoginName = @User and HostName = @HostName and RestrictionEnabled = 1))
begin
--Any data modifications made up to the point of ROLLBACK TRANSACTION are rolled back
--The current trigger continues to execute any remaining statements that appear after the ROLLBACK statement. 
--If any of these statements modify data, the modifications are not rolled back.
--http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb153915.aspx
rollback

insert into SQL_Audit..Violations
(PostDate, LoginName, IPAddress, HostName, ServerName, AppName, ViolationType)
values (@PostTime, @User, @IPAddress, @HostName, @SrvName, @AppName, 'LoginName, HostName')

--Exit trigger without evaluating any further conditions
return;
end

--#2
--If a user connects from a given IP Address and with a given UserName, they will be dissconected
--This user need to be set up in SQL_Audit..Blacklist with a user name and a IP Address, no HostName is necesary
If(Exists(Select * from SQL_Audit.dbo.BlackList where LoginName = @User and IP_Address = @IPAddress and RestrictionEnabled = 1))
begin
--Any data modifications made up to the point of ROLLBACK TRANSACTION are rolled back
--The current trigger continues to execute any remaining statements that appear after the ROLLBACK statement. 
--If any of these statements modify data, the modifications are not rolled back.
--http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb153915.aspx
rollback

insert into SQL_Audit..Violations
(PostDate, LoginName, IPAddress, HostName, ServerName, AppName, ViolationType)
values (@PostTime, @User, @IPAddress, @HostName, @SrvName, @AppName, 'LoginName, IP Address')

--Exit trigger without evaluating any further conditions
return;
end

--#3
--If a user connects from a given Blacklisted IP Address, regardless of the host name or SQL Server User
--This IPAddress need to be set up in SQL_Audit..Blacklist with only an IP Address, no other information is needed
--This will block all connections from the designated IP Address
If(Exists(Select * from SQL_Audit.dbo.BlackList where IP_Address = @IPAddress and LoginName is NULL and HostName is NULL and RestrictionEnabled = 1))
begin
--Any data modifications made up to the point of ROLLBACK TRANSACTION are rolled back
--The current trigger continues to execute any remaining statements that appear after the ROLLBACK statement. 
--If any of these statements modify data, the modifications are not rolled back.
--http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb153915.aspx
rollback

insert into SQL_Audit..Violations
(PostDate, LoginName, IPAddress, HostName, ServerName, AppName, ViolationType)
values (@PostTime, @User, @IPAddress, @HostName, @SrvName, @AppName, 'IP Address')

--Exit trigger without evaluating any further conditions
return;
end

--#4
--If a user connects from a given Blacklisted Workstation, regardless of the IP Address or SQL Server User
--This Client need to be set up in SQL_Audit..Blacklist with only a value for HostName, no other information is needed
--This will block all connections from the designated Host
If(Exists(Select * from SQL_Audit.dbo.BlackList where HostName = @HostName and LoginName is NULL and IP_Address is NULL and RestrictionEnabled = 1))
begin
--Any data modifications made up to the point of ROLLBACK TRANSACTION are rolled back
--The current trigger continues to execute any remaining statements that appear after the ROLLBACK statement. 
--If any of these statements modify data, the modifications are not rolled back.
--http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb153915.aspx
rollback

insert into SQL_Audit..Violations
(PostDate, LoginName, IPAddress, HostName, ServerName, AppName, ViolationType)
values (@PostTime, @User, @IPAddress, @HostName, @SrvName, @AppName, 'HostName')

--Exit trigger without evaluating any further conditions
return;
end

--#5
--If a particular application connects to SQL Server, regardless of IP Address, UserName, or HostName, the session is terminated
If(Exists(Select * from SQL_Audit.dbo.BlackList where AppName = @AppName and HostName is NULL and LoginName is NULL and IP_Address is NULL and RestrictionEnabled = 1))
begin
--Any data modifications made up to the point of ROLLBACK TRANSACTION are rolled back
--The current trigger continues to execute any remaining statements that appear after the ROLLBACK statement. 
--If any of these statements modify data, the modifications are not rolled back.
--http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb153915.aspx
rollback

insert into SQL_Audit..Violations
(PostDate, LoginName, IPAddress, HostName, ServerName, AppName, ViolationType)
values (@PostTime, @User, @IPAddress, @HostName, @SrvName, @AppName, 'ApplicationName')

--Exit trigger without evaluating any further conditions
return;
end

--#6
--If a particular application connects to SQL Server, with a given UserName (i.e. service account cannot connect with SSMS)
If(Exists(Select * from SQL_Audit.dbo.BlackList where AppName = @AppName and LoginName = @User and RestrictionEnabled = 1))
begin
--Any data modifications made up to the point of ROLLBACK TRANSACTION are rolled back
--The current trigger continues to execute any remaining statements that appear after the ROLLBACK statement. 
--If any of these statements modify data, the modifications are not rolled back.
--http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb153915.aspx
rollback

insert into SQL_Audit..Violations
(PostDate, LoginName, IPAddress, HostName, ServerName, AppName, ViolationType)
values (@PostTime, @User, @IPAddress, @HostName, @SrvName, @AppName, 'ApplicationName, UserName')

--Exit trigger without evaluating any further conditions
return;
end
end;

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO

ENABLE TRIGGER [trg_LoginBlackList] ON ALL SERVER
GO